Improving recovery from unconventional oil and gas reservoirs represents a critical opportunity to maximize asset value and strengthen long-term energy security. While horizontal drilling and multistage hydraulic fracturing have transformed resource access, most shale and tight formations still recover only a small fraction of hydrocarbons in place. The challenge lies in overcoming ultra-low permeability, complex fracture networks, and dynamic geomechanical behavior that constrain flow and leave large volumes of resource stranded. Next-generation recovery will be driven by integrated subsurface intelligence, advanced completion and refracturing technologies, optimized well spacing, and the application of enhanced recovery processes such as chemical and gas injection.